Most machinery has been with us for hundreds of thousands of years – even if we don’t realize it. The drill is no exception. One of the first (if not the first) drill to be invented was the bore drill. This device was invented in Egypt sometime around the year 3000 B.C. The next drill to be invented was the auger drill. This drill can still be found in use today and was invented in the Roman ages. Even the electric drill which is commonly found today was invented fairly early on in history. We are going to talk a little bit more about the 18v cordless drill – the main review here.
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When Was the First Electric Drill Invented?
When we talk about history of power tools, one of the first categories we may think about, are drills. The electric drill may seem like a modern invention that would be no more than a few decades old, but it is actually quite old. The first electric drill was invented in 1889. Credit is given to two Australian inventors, Arthur Arnot https://www.eoas.info/biogs/P003116b.htm( and William Brian( https://iodp.tamu.edu/staffdir/indiv/jonasson/( , for coming up with the design that allowed an electric motor to be paired with the traditional drill design. This first electric drill prototype was too large to move from place to place. It was only used for stationary work or at job sites that had ample power to work with.
The electric drill quickly gained attention from the work community and had people wondering how much farther the boundaries of machinery and tools could be pushed. As a result, only 5 short years later, Wilhelm Fein and Carl Fein were able to convert the electric drill into a portable device. This idea revolutionized the industry and made it possible for contractors to do more extensive work in their industries.
After the introduction of the portable electric drill in 1894, the era of electric drills began to blossom. Contractors flocked towards this new and revolutionary drill. In addition to this, new research was done into the field to continue to refine and develop the design of the electric drill. Various companies released their take on the new tool, but it wasn’t until 1917 that the next revolutionary electric drill design would come about. In this year, Black and Decker shocked the world with their take on the electric drill.
They released the first electric drill model that featured a trigger switch and pistol handle. This design quickly gained popularity with contractors and construction workers. In addition to drill designs, many companies began to develop attachments that could be used in addition to the drill. This allowed them to make the drills more versatile and useable for various applications. As the capabilities of drills grew with these new advancements and discoveries, so did the demand for drills.
When Was the First Cordless Drill Created?
The introduction of the first cordless drill to the electric drill market made a monumental difference in the way work was able to be conducted. Now contractors were not only able to take their tools to their jobsites and have the added power of an electric motor to work with – they didn’t even need to limit their range of motion to a cord anymore. The inventor of the first cordless drill is surrounded by controversy. Many recognize Black and Decker as the first creator of the cordless drill in 1961.
These cordless drills were largely marketed to industrial and commercial companies. However, there are those who would say that it was Makita who was responsible for the first cordless drill design in 1978. Many have resolved this dispute by crediting Black and Decker with the original cordless drill design and crediting Makita with the first cordless drills design that was available to the general public.
When Were Drill Bits Invented?
The first drill bit was invented long before the first drill. Experts have dated drill bits back to prehistoric times and believe that homo sapiens were using these tools as early as 35,000 BC. These tools were used to bore into multiple types of materials. They continued to develop as centuries went by and became more and more sophisticated.
However, it wasn’t until the 13th century that we began to see drill bits that were made out of metal instead of wood, bone, or shells. These metal drill bits more closely resemble the modern drill bits that we use. Since the 13th century, drill bits have continued to progress into the tools that we find familiar today.
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As Pros, there aren’t a ton of people in our office asking, “what is a drill?” But if you’re new to the world of power tools or just a fan, the history of the power drill might prove fascinating. Regardless of why you’re here, who better to explain it than guys and gals who use them every day? Rather than write a term paper-length article, we promise to stay focused on the key points.
Merriam-Webster defines a drill in different ways. We’re not talking military drills or the act of drilling, we’re talking tools. They define it as:
“An instrument with an edged or pointed end for making holes in hard substances by revolving or a succession of blows.”
Fundamentally, that’s dead on. A drill has some sort of point or edge (a drill bit) that turns. In most cases, it shaves away material to create a hole, but it can also chip through or use a combination of the two.
It’s also a very wide definition. Drills can be small enough to make near-microscopic holes or large enough to dig a tunnel under the English Channel.
Curious about the real history of the power drill? We were too. Of course, it all depends on what period of history you’re looking at. Historians estimate humans figured out how to rotate a pointed stone against another object to make a hole thousands of years ago.
A little more than 200 years ago, we see the first picture of what hand drills looked like. You had the bit and brace (still in use today) as well as a beater-style hand drill. The specific invention dates of these tools remain up for debate.
When it comes to adding electricity, Arthur James Arnot and William Blanch Brain of Australia get credit for inventing the first electric power drill way back in 1889. Check out the patent filing which shows how they created a shield to protect the user from sparks emanating from the motor compartment.
Image from Arnot’s patent filing for an electric drill. (Image courtesy of the collection of the National Archives of Australia)The first portable handheld drill, however, came from the minds of Wilhelm and Carl Fein in Stuttgart, Germany in 1895. Yes, the very same Feins whose company dominates the best oscillating multi-tool market today.
In 1917, Black & Decker (now Stanley Black & Decker) patented what we might call the “modern drill” with a pistol grip style and trigger. They actually based it off a Colt Peacemaker that was sitting on a table nearby. Talk about having an epiphany! This changed the history of the power drill forever.
Courtesy of http://bdiluminacao.com.br/The first cordless drill made its appearance in 1961. Black & Decker used a nickel-cadmium battery to power it.
Tools with removable batteries would come several years later in 1978 when Makita issued the 6010D, a cordless drill powered by a removable 7.2V NiCd battery pack.
When most people think of drills, they think of the pistol grip type that Black & Decker invented with either a corded or battery power source. That legacy paved the way for modern drills that, today, sport the same basic design. Power supplies have migrated to battery power, and motors have dropped in size while increasing their efficiency.
In either case, an electric motor turns the chuck, which holds a drill or driver bit. The rotation allows a drill bit to slice material away or a driver bit to install/remove a fastener. In case it comes up on Final Jeopardy, most of the “drills” we use today are actually drill drivers since they can both drill holes and drive fasteners.
Check out our article on brushed vs brushless motors for more information.
Even though the most popular drills are the handheld type we use for general drilling and fastening, many other types exist. No matter what you need to make a hole in, chances are there’s a drill for that. Here’s a pretty good list to start with:
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